Let every soul be subject unto the
higher powers. For there is no power but of God: the powers that be are
ordained of God. Romans 13:1
People claim that Romans 13 says we
are to be obedient to the State authorities. For them, the State is their higher
authority. For us, the Kingdom of Heaven is our higher authority. Most people do
not understand that there is more than one higher authority. They demand that we
obey their higher authority - the State. This poses a dilemma for those
of us who have entered the Kingdom of Heaven. Jesus said, "You cannot obey
two masters" (Matthew 6:24). A master is a higher authority. It is
impossible to obey all higher authorities. We can only obey one authority. We
cannot obey two.
There are many
higher authorities. Romans 13 cannot possibly be saying, "submit to all
higher authorities." We can only submit to the higher authority in our
chain of command. The New American Bible translates Romans 13:1 more accurately:
"Let everyone obey the authorities that are over him." A child
cannot obey every Dad, but only the Dad who has the rule over him.
We have to
remember that Apostle Paul was writing to the Church at Rome. He was not
writing to the citizens of Rome or to the Pharisees. He was writing only to ecclesia,
"the called-out ones." When Paul said, "Let every soul be subject
unto the higher powers," he specifically meant, "Be subject to the
authorities within the Church."
Paul goes on to
say that a ruler is "God's minister" for our good. He does not
say he is "Caesar's minister" for our good. Again, Paul is
talking about ministers within the Body of Christ. The Greek word translated
"minister" in Romans 13:4 is translated "deacon" in other
writings of Paul. Paul is saying we are to submit to the "deacon," or
"Church officers." Paul is not saying, "Obey the policeman,"
as some Bible paraphrases read. Paul never says, "Obey Rome." He knows
you cannot obey Rome and God. You cannot obey two masters.
Paul warns that
these ministers bear not the sword in vain. Paul uses the word "sword"
figuratively to indicate that Church officers will chasten those who do evil.
Paul's purpose for writing to the Church at Rome was to instruct the
congregation to be subject to the chain of command within the Church, who look
out for their souls. He was a higher authority over the Churches. And
when he said to them at Romans 13, "Let every soul be subject unto the
higher powers," he was referring to the higher powers within Christ's
Kingdom, not the kingdoms of the world.
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